What "accuracy" actually depends on
OCR accuracy is not a single fixed number for a given device; it varies with the specific material being scanned. The same pen scanner can perform very well on a clean textbook page and noticeably worse on a faded receipt, because the OCR engine is comparing captured character shapes against learned patterns, and anything that distorts those shapes, like low contrast, unusual fonts, or motion blur, increases the chance of a misread character.
This is why it is more useful to think about accuracy in terms of conditions than a single percentage. A device that performs well in ideal conditions can still perform poorly on difficult material, and vice versa.
Factors that improve accuracy
Several things consistently help: good, even lighting; a steady, moderate swipe speed rather than a rushed one; standard printed fonts rather than stylized or decorative ones; adequate contrast between text and background; and font sizes within the range the device was designed for, generally similar to typical book or document text.
Factors that hurt accuracy
The clearest accuracy killers are handwriting, glare from glossy paper, very small or very large font sizes outside the device’s calibrated range, dense multi-column layouts, low-contrast color combinations, and inconsistent or jerky swipe motion. Curved or non-flat surfaces also reduce accuracy because the camera’s focus assumptions are built around a flat page.
How OCR handles uncertainty
Most modern OCR engines do not just guess character shapes in isolation; they cross-reference recognized words against a built-in dictionary or language model, which lets the software catch and often correct an ambiguous character based on context. This is why OCR tends to do noticeably better on complete words and sentences than on isolated strings of random characters, codes, or serial numbers, where there is no linguistic context to lean on.
Why you should be skeptical of advertised accuracy claims
Manufacturers sometimes advertise accuracy figures measured under controlled, ideal conditions that do not reflect everyday use. Rather than relying on a marketed percentage, it is more useful to look at real user reviews describing performance on the kinds of materials you actually plan to scan, and, where possible, to test a device yourself on your own typical documents before committing to it.